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The American
Empire Project
Americans have long
believed that the very notion of empire is an offense against our
democratic heritage, yet in recent months, these two words --
American empire -- have been on everyone's lips. At this moment of
unprecedented economic and military strength, the leaders of the
United States have embraced imperial ambitions openly. How did we
get to this point? And what lies down the road?
Read more about The American Empire Project>>
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The Books
Breach of Trust
How Americans Failed Their Soldiers and Their Country
by Andrew Bacevich
Coming Soon!
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Power Systems
Conversations on Global Democratic Uprisings and the New Challenges to U.S. Empire
by Noam Chomsky and David Barsamian
Now Available!
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Kill Anything That Moves
The Real American War in Vietnam
by Nick Turse
Now Available!
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We Meant Well
How I Helped Lose the Battle for the Hearts and Minds of the Iraqi People
by Peter Van Buren
Now Available!
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Ideal Illusions
How the U.S. Government Co-opted Human Rights
by James Peck
Now Available!
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Washington Rules
America's Path to Permanent War
by Andrew Bacevich
Now Available!
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Dismantling The Empire
America's Last Best Hope
by Chalmers Johnson
Now Available! |
The Limits Of Power
The End of American Exceptionalism
by Andrew BacevichNow available!
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Imperial Ambitions
Conversations on the Post-9/11 World
by Noam Chomsky
Now available!
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Empire's Workshop
Latin America, the United States, and the Rise of the New Imperialism
by Greg GrandinNow available!
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A Question of Torture
CIA Interrogation, from the Cold War to the War on Terror
by Alfred McCoyNow available!
Alfred McCoy on How Not to Ban Torture in Congress
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Blood
and Oil
The Dangers and
Consequences of America's Growing Petroleum Dependency
by Michael T. Klare
Now available in paperback, including a new afterword! |
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visit tomdispatch.com |
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| News from The American Empire Project |

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Coming Soon From The American Empire Project
Breach of Trust
How Americans Failed Their Soldiers and Their Country
by Andrew Bacevich
A blistering critique of the gulf between America's soldiers and the society that sends them off to war, from the bestselling author of The Limits of Power and Washington Rules
Read more about Breach of Trust |
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Nuclear Terror in the Middle East
Lethality Beyond the Pale
By Nick Turse
In those first minutes, they’ll be stunned. Eyes fixed in a
thousand-yard stare, nerve endings numbed. They’ll just stand there.
Soon, you’ll notice that they are holding their arms out at a 45-degree
angle. Your eyes will be drawn to their hands and you’ll think you mind
is playing tricks. But it won’t be. Their fingers will start to
resemble stalactites, seeming to melt toward the ground. And it won’t
be long until the screaming begins. Shrieking. Moaning. Tens of
thousands of victims at once. They’ll be standing amid a sea of
shattered concrete and glass, a wasteland punctuated by the shells of
buildings, orphaned walls, stairways leading nowhere.
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Homeland Insecurity
Seven Years, Untold Dollars to Silence One Man
By Peter Van Buren
What do words mean in a post-9/11 world? Apart from the now clichéd
Orwellian twists that turn brutal torture into mere enhanced
interrogation, the devil is in the details. Robert MacLean is a former
air marshal fired for an act of whistleblowing. He has continued to
fight over seven long years for what once would have passed as simple
justice: getting his job back. His is an all-too-twenty-first-century
story of the extraordinary lengths to which the U.S. government is
willing to go to thwart whistleblowers.
First, the government retroactively classified a previously
unclassified text message to justify firing MacLean. Then it invoked
arcane civil service procedures, including an
“interlocutory appeal” to thwart him and, in the process, enjoyed the
approval of various courts and bureaucratic boards apparently willing to
stamp as “legal” anything the government could make up in its own
interest.
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And Then There Was One
Imperial Gigantism and the Decline of Planet Earth
By Tom Engelhardt
It stretched from the Caspian to the Baltic Sea, from the middle of
Europe to the Kurile Islands in the Pacific, from Siberia to Central
Asia. Its nuclear arsenal held 45,000 warheads, and its military had five million troops
under arms. There had been nothing like it in Eurasia since the
Mongols conquered China, took parts of Central Asia and the Iranian
plateau, and rode into the Middle East, looting Baghdad. Yet when the
Soviet Union collapsed in December 1991, by far the poorer, weaker
imperial power disappeared.
And then there was one. There had never been such a moment: a single
nation astride the globe without a competitor in sight. There wasn’t
even a name for such a state (or state of mind). “Superpower” had
already been used when there were two of them. “Hyperpower” was tried
briefly but didn’t stick. “Sole superpower” stood in for a while but
didn’t satisfy. “Great Power,” once the zenith of appellations, was by
then a lesser phrase, left over from the centuries when various European
nations and Japan were expanding their empires. Some started speaking
about a “unipolar” world in which all roads led... well, to Washington.
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Filling the Empty Battlefield
Jeremy Scahill, Blowback Reporter
By Tom Engelhardt
Chalmers Johnson’s book Blowback: The Costs and Consequences of American Empire was
published in March 2000 -- and just about no one noticed. Until then,
blowback had been an obscure term of CIA tradecraft, which Johnson
defined as “the unintended consequences of policies that were kept
secret from the American people.” In his prologue, the former
consultant to the CIA and eminent scholar of both Mao Zedong’s peasant
revolution and modern Japan labeled his Cold War self a “spear-carrier
for empire.”
After the Soviet Union disappeared in 1991, he was surprised to
discover that the essential global structure of that other Cold War
colossus, the American superpower, with its vast panoply of military
bases, remained obdurately in place as if nothing whatsoever had
happened. Almost a decade later, when the Evil Empire was barely a
memory, Johnson surveyed the planet and found “an informal American
empire” of immense reach and power. He also became convinced that, in
its global operations, Washington was laying the groundwork “all around
the world... for future forms of blowback.”
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Entering a Resource-Shock World
How Resource Scarcity and Climate Change Could Produce a Global Explosion
By Michael T. Klare
Brace yourself. You may not be able to tell yet, but according to
global experts and the U.S. intelligence community, the earth is already
shifting under you. Whether you know it or not, you’re on a new
planet, a resource-shock world of a sort humanity has never before
experienced.
Two nightmare scenarios -- a global scarcity of vital resources and
the onset of extreme climate change -- are already beginning to converge
and in the coming decades are likely to produce a tidal wave of
unrest, rebellion, competition, and conflict. Just what this tsunami
of disaster will look like may, as yet, be hard to discern, but experts
warn of “water wars” over contested river systems, global food riots
sparked by soaring prices for life’s basics, mass migrations of climate
refugees (with resulting anti-migrant violence), and the breakdown of
social order or the collapse of states. At first, such mayhem is likely
to arise largely in Africa, Central Asia, and other areas of the
underdeveloped South, but in time all regions of the planet will be affected.
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The Enemy-Industrial Complex
How to Turn a World Lacking in Enemies into the Most Threatening Place in the Universe
By Tom Engelhardt
The communist enemy, with the “world’s fourth largest military,” has been trundling missiles around and threatening the United States with nuclear obliteration. Guam, Hawaii, Washington: all, it claims, are targetable. The coverage in the media has been hair-raising. The U.S. is rushing an untested missile defense system to Guam, deploying missile-interceptor ships off the South Korean coast, sending “nuclear capable” B-2 Stealth bombers thousands of miles on mock bombing runs, pressuring China, and conducting large-scale war games with its South Korean ally.
Only one small problem: there is as yet little evidence that the enemy with a few nuclear weapons facing off (rhetorically at least) against an American arsenal of 4,650 of them has the ability to miniaturize
and mount even one on a missile, no less deliver it accurately, nor
does it have a missile capable of reaching Hawaii or Washington, and I
wouldn't count on Guam either.
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Is the Keystone XL Pipeline the “Stonewall” of the Climate Movement?
And If So, Is That Terrible News?
By Bill McKibben
A few weeks ago, Time magazine called
the fight over the Keystone XL pipeline that will bring some of the
dirtiest energy on the planet from Alberta, Canada, to the U.S. Gulf
Coast the “Selma and Stonewall” of the climate movement.
Which, if you think about it, may be both good news and bad news.
Yes, those of us fighting the pipeline have mobilized record numbers of
activists: the largest civil disobedience action in 30 years and 40,000 people on the mall in February for the biggest climate rally in American history. Right now, we’re aiming to get a million people to send in public comments
about the “environmental review” the State Department is conducting on
the feasibility and advisability of building the pipeline. And there’s
good reason to put pressure on. After all, it’s the same State
Department that, as on a previous round of reviews, hired “experts” who had once worked as consultants for TransCanada, the pipeline’s builder.
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Making Disaster Pay
From the San Francisco Earthquake to Superstorm Sandy, How Capitalism Stacks the Deck on Disaster
By Steve Fraser
In 2007, a financial firestorm ravaged Wall Street and the rest of
the country. In 2012, Hurricane Sandy obliterated a substantial chunk
of the Atlantic seaboard. We think of the first as a man-made calamity,
the second as the malignant innocence of nature. But neither the
notion of a man-made nor natural disaster quite captures how the power
of a few and the vulnerability of the many determine what is really
going on at ground level. Causes and consequences, who gets blamed and
who leaves the scene permanently scarred, who goes down and who emerges
better positioned than before: these are matters often predetermined
by the structures of power and wealth, racial and ethnic hierarchies,
and despised and favored forms of work, as well as moral and social
prejudices in place before disaster strikes.
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American Anniversaries from Hell
What You Don’t Know Can Hurt You
By Tom Engelhardt
It’s true that, last week, few in Congress cared to discuss,
no less memorialize, the 10th anniversary of the invasion of Iraq.
Nonetheless, two anniversaries of American disasters and crimes abroad
-- the “mission accomplished” debacle of 2003 and the 45th anniversary of the My Lai massacre -- were at least noted in passing in our world. In my hometown paper, the New York Times, the Iraq anniversary was memorialized with a lead op-ed by a former advisor to General David Petraeus who, amid the rubble, went in search of all-American “silver linings.”
Still, in our post-9/11 world, there are so many other anniversaries
from hell whose silver linings don’t get noticed. Take this April. It
will be the ninth anniversary of the widespread release of the now
infamous photos of torture, abuse, and humiliation from Abu Ghraib. In
case you’ve forgotten, that was Saddam Hussein’s old prison where the
U.S. military taught the fallen Iraqi dictator a trick or two about the
destruction of human beings. Shouldn’t there be an anniversary of some
note there? I mean, how many cultures have turned dog collars (and the dogs that go with them), thumbs-up signs over dead bodies, and a mockery of the crucified Christ into screensavers?
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Who Did You Rape in the War, Daddy?
A Question for Veterans that Needs Answering
By Nick Turse
On August 31, 1969, a rape was committed in Vietnam. Maybe numerous
rapes were committed there that day, but this was a rare one involving
American GIs that actually made its way into the military justice
system.
And that wasn’t the only thing that set it apart.
War is obscene. I mean that in every sense of the word. Some
veterans will tell you that you can’t know war if you haven’t served in
one, if you haven’t seen combat. These are often the same guys who
won’t tell you the truths that they know about war and who never think
to blame themselves in any way for our collective ignorance.
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Mission Unaccomplished
Why the Invasion of Iraq Was the Single Worst Foreign Policy Decision in American History
By Peter Van Buren
I was there. And “there” was nowhere. And nowhere was the place to be
if you wanted to see the signs of end times for the American Empire up
close. It was the place to be if you wanted to see the madness -- and
oh yes, it was madness -- not filtered through a complacent and sleepy
media that made Washington’s war policy seem, if not sensible, at least
sane and serious enough. I stood at Ground Zero of what was intended
to be the new centerpiece for a Pax Americana in the Greater Middle East.
Not to put too fine a point on it, but the invasion of Iraq turned
out to be a joke. Not for the Iraqis, of course, and not for American
soldiers, and not the ha-ha sort of joke either. And here’s the saddest
truth of all: on March 20th as we mark the 10th anniversary of the
invasion from hell, we still don’t get it. In case you want to jump to
the punch line, though, it’s this: by invading Iraq, the U.S. did more
to destabilize the Middle East than we could possibly have imagined at
the time. And we -- and so many others -- will pay the price for it for a
long, long time.
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Iraq Report
U.S. Spent Too Much Money On Post-War Reconstruction For Too Little Results
An important follow-up to Peter van Buren’s book We Meant Well, which charts the State Department’s blundering efforts to rebuild Iraq.

Read the full article at The Huffington Post.
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Where Is Everybody?
Why It’s So Tough to Get Your Head Around Climate Change
By Tom Engelhardt
Two Sundays ago, I traveled to the nation’s capital to attend what was billed as
“the largest climate rally in history” and I haven’t been able to get
the experience -- or a question that haunted me -- out of my mind.
Where was everybody?
First, though, the obvious weather irony: climate change didn’t exactly come out in support of that rally. In the midst of the warmest years and some of the warmest winters on record, the demonstration, which focused on stopping the Keystone XL Pipeline -- it will bring tar-sands oil,
some of the “dirtiest,” carbon-richest energy available from Alberta,
Canada, to the U.S. Gulf Coast -- was the coldest I’ve ever attended. I
thought I’d lose a few fingers and toes while listening to the
hour-plus of speakers, including Senator Sheldon Whitehouse from Rhode Island, who were theoretically warming the crowd up for its march around the (other) White House.
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“I Begged for Them to Stop”
Waterboarding Americans and the Redefinition of Torture
By Nick Turse
Try to remain calm -- even as you begin to feel your chest tighten
and your heart race. Try not to panic as water starts flowing into your
nose and mouth, while you attempt to constrict your throat and slow
your breathing and keep some air in your lungs and fight that growing
feeling of suffocation. Try not to think about dying, because there’s
nothing you can do about it, because you’re tied down, because someone
is pouring that water over your face, forcing it into you, drowning you
slowly and deliberately. You’re helpless. You’re in agony.
In short, you’re a victim of “water torture.” Or the “water cure.” Or the “water rag.” Or the “water treatment.” Or “tormenta de toca.” Or any of the other nicknames given to the particular form of brutality that today goes by the relatively innocuous term “waterboarding.”
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The Latin American Exception
How a Washington Global Torture Gulag Was Turned Into the Only Gulag-Free Zone on Earth
By Greg Grandin
The map tells the story. To illustrate a damning new report, “Globalizing Torture: CIA Secret Detentions and Extraordinary Rendition,” recently published by the Open Society Institute, the Washington Post put
together an equally damning graphic: it’s soaked in red, as if with
blood, showing that in the years after 9/11, the CIA turned just about
the whole world into a gulag archipelago.
Back in the early twentieth century, a similar red-hued map was used
to indicate the global reach of the British Empire, on which, it was
said, the sun never set. It seems that, between 9/11 and the day George
W. Bush left the White House, CIA-brokered torture never saw a sunset
either.
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Dumb and Dumber
A Secret CIA Drone Base, a Blowback World, and Why Washington Has No Learning Curve
By Tom Engelhardt
You could, of course, sit there, slack-jawed, thinking about how
mindlessly repetitive American foreign and military policy is these
days. Or you could wield all sorts of fancy analytic words to explain
it. Or you could just settle for a few simple, all-American ones. Like
dumb. Stupid. Dimwitted. Thick-headed. Or you could speak about the
second administration in a row that wanted to leave no child behind, but
was itself incapable of learning, or reasonably assessing its
situation in the world.
Or you could simply wonder what’s in Washington’s water supply. Last
week, after all, there was a perfect drone storm of a story, only a
year or so late -- and no, it wasn’t that leaked
“white paper” justifying the White House-directed assassination of an
American citizen; and no, it wasn’t the two secret Justice Department
“legal” memos on the same subject that members of the Senate
Intelligence Committee were allowed to “view,”
but in such secrecy that they couldn’t even ask John O. Brennan, the
president’s counterterrorism tsar and choice for CIA director, questions
about them at his public nomination hearings; and no, it wasn’t
anything that Brennan, the man who oversaw the White House “kill list” and those presidentially chosen
drone strikes, said at the hearings. And here’s the most striking
thing: it should have set everyone’s teeth on edge, yet next to nobody
even noticed.
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A Presidential Decision That Could Change the World
The Strategic Importance of Keystone XL
By Michael T. Klare
Presidential decisions often turn out to be far less significant than
imagined, but every now and then what a president decides actually
determines how the world turns. Such is the case with the Keystone XL
pipeline, which, if built, is slated to bring some of the “dirtiest,”
carbon-rich oil on the planet from Alberta, Canada, to refineries on the
U.S. Gulf Coast. In the near future, President Obama is expected to
give its construction a definitive thumbs up or thumbs down, and the
decision he makes could prove far more important than anyone imagines.
It could determine the fate of the Canadian tar-sands industry and,
with it, the future well-being of the planet. If that sounds overly
dramatic, let me explain.
Sometimes, what starts out as a minor skirmish can wind up
determining the outcome of a war -- and that seems to be the case when
it comes to the mounting battle over the Keystone XL pipeline.
If given the go-ahead by President Obama, it will daily carry more
than 700,000 barrels of tar-sands oil to those Gulf Coast refineries,
providing a desperately needed boost to the Canadian energy industry. If
Obama says no, the Canadians (and their American backers) will
encounter possibly insuperable difficulties in exporting their heavy
crude oil, discouraging further investment and putting the industry’s
future in doubt.
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The Paranoia of the Superrich and Superpowerful
Washington’s Dilemma on a “Lost” Planet
By Noam Chomsky and David Barsamian
[This post is adapted from “Uprisings,” a chapter in Power Systems: Conversations on Global Democratic Uprisings and the New Challenges to U.S. Empire,
Noam Chomsky’s new interview book with David Barsamian (with thanks to
the publisher, Metropolitan Books). The questions are Barsamian’s,
the answers Chomsky’s.]
Does the United States still have the same level of control over the energy resources of the Middle East as it once had?
The major energy-producing countries are still firmly under the
control of the Western-backed dictatorships. So, actually, the progress
made by the Arab Spring is limited, but it’s not insignificant. The
Western-controlled dictatorial system is eroding. In fact, it’s been
eroding for some time. So, for example, if you go back 50 years, the
energy resources -- the main concern of U.S. planners -- have been
mostly nationalized. There are constantly attempts to reverse that, but
they have not succeeded.
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The American Lockdown State
Post-Legal Drones, the Bin Laden Tax, and Other Wonders of Our American World
By Tom Engelhardt
Consider Inauguration Day, more than two weeks gone and already part of our distant past. In its wake, President Obama was hailed (or reviled) for his “liberal” second inaugural address.
On that day everything from his invocation of women’s rights (“Seneca
Falls”), the civil rights movement (“Selma”), and the gay rights
movement (“Stonewall”) to his wife’s new bangs and Beyoncé’s lip-syncing was fodder for the media extravaganza. The president was even praised (or reviled)
for what he took pains not to bring up: the budget deficit. Was
anything, in fact, not grist for the media mill, the hordes of talking
heads, and the chattering classes?
One subject, at least, got remarkably little attention during the
inaugural blitz and, when mentioned, certainly struck few as odd or
worth dwelling on. Yet nothing better caught our changing American
world. Washington, after all, was in a lockdown mode unmatched by any
inauguration from another era -- not even Lincoln’s second inaugural in
the midst of the Civil War, or Franklin Roosevelt’s during World War II,
or John F. Kennedy’s at the height of the Cold War.
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The Hagel Hearings
The Last Best Chance for the Truth About a Lost War and America’s War-Making Future
By Nick Turse
He’s been battered by big-money conservative groups looking to derail his bid for secretary of defense. Critics say he wants to end America’s nuclear program. They claim
he’s anti-Israel and soft on Iran. So you can expect intense
questioning -- if only for theatrical effect -- about all of the above
(and undoubtedly then some) as Chuck Hagel faces his Senate confirmation
hearings today.
You can be sure of one other thing: Hagel’s military service in
Vietnam will be mentioned -- and praised. It’s likely, however, to be in
a separate and distinct category, unrelated to the pointed questions
about current issues like defense priorities, his beliefs on the use of
force abroad, or the Defense Department’s role in counterterrorism
operations. You can also be sure of this: no senator will ask Chuck
Hagel about his presence during the machine-gunning of an orphanage in
Vietnam’s Mekong Delta or the lessons he might have drawn from that
incident.
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The Politics of Debt in America
From Debtor’s Prison to Debtor Nation
By Steve Fraser
Shakespeare’s Polonius offered this classic advice to his son:
“neither a borrower nor a lender be.” Many of our nation’s Founding
Fathers emphatically saw it otherwise. They often lived by the maxim:
always a borrower, never a lender be. As tobacco and rice planters,
slave traders, and merchants, as well as land and currency speculators,
they depended upon long lines of credit to finance their livelihoods and
splendid ways of life. So, too, in those days, did shopkeepers,
tradesmen, artisans, and farmers, as well as casual laborers and
sailors. Without debt, the seedlings of a commercial economy could
never have grown to maturity.
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Counting Down to 2014 in Afghanistan
Three Lousy Options: Pick One
By Ann Jones
Kabul, Afghanistan -- Compromise, conflict, or collapse: ask an
Afghan what to expect in 2014 and you’re likely to get a scenario that
falls under one of those three headings. 2014, of course, is the year of
the double whammy in Afghanistan: the next presidential election coupled with the departure of
most American and other foreign forces. Many Afghans fear a turn for
the worse, while others are no less afraid that everything will stay the
same. Some even think things will get better when the occupying forces
leave. Most predict a more conservative climate, but everyone is quick
to say that it’s anybody’s guess.
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Powder Keg in the Pacific
Will China-Japan-U.S. Tensions in the Pacific Ignite a Conflict and Sink the Global Economy?
By Michael T. Klare
Don’t look now, but conditions are deteriorating in the western
Pacific. Things are turning ugly, with consequences that could prove
deadly and spell catastrophe for the global economy.
In Washington, it is widely assumed that a showdown with Iran over its nuclear ambitions will be the first major crisis to engulf
the next secretary of defense -- whether it be former Senator Chuck
Hagel, as President Obama desires, or someone else if he fails to win
Senate confirmation. With few signs of an imminent breakthrough in
talks aimed at peacefully resolving the Iranian nuclear issue, many
analysts believe that military action -- if not by Israel, than by the
United States -- could be on this year’s agenda.
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How Did the Gates of Hell Open in Vietnam?
A New Book Transforms Our Understanding of What the Vietnam War Actually Was
By Jonathan Schell
For half a century we have been arguing about “the Vietnam War.” Is
it possible that we didn’t know what we were talking about? After all
that has been written (some 30,000 books and counting), it scarcely
seems possible, but such, it turns out, has literally been the case.
Now, in Kill Anything that Moves, Nick
Turse has for the first time put together a comprehensive picture,
written with mastery and dignity, of what American forces actually were
doing in Vietnam. The findings disclose an almost unspeakable truth.
Meticulously piecing together newly released classified information,
court-martial records, Pentagon reports, and firsthand interviews in
Vietnam and the United States, as well as contemporaneous press accounts
and secondary literature, Turse discovers that episodes of devastation,
murder, massacre, rape, and torture once considered isolated atrocities
were in fact the norm, adding up to a continuous stream of atrocity,
unfolding, year after year, throughout that country.
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The Pentagon as a Global NRA
For Washington, There Is No Arms Control Abroad
By Tom Engelhardt
Given these last weeks, who doesn’t know what an AR-15 is? Who
hasn’t seen the mind-boggling stats on the way assault rifles have flooded this country, or tabulations of accumulating Newtown-style mass killings, or noted that there are barely more gas
stations nationwide than federally licensed firearms dealers, or heard
the renewed debates over the Second Amendment, or been struck by the rapid shifts in public opinion on gun control, or checked out the disputes over how effective an assault-rifle ban was the last time around? Who doesn’t know about the NRA’s suggestion to weaponize schools, or about the price poor
neighborhoods may be paying in gun deaths for the present expansive
interpretation of the Second Amendment? Who hasn’t seen the legions of
stories about how, in the wake of the Newtown slaughter, sales of guns, especially AR-15 assault rifles, have soared, ammunition sales have surged, background checks for future gun purchases have risen sharply, and gun shows have been besieged with customers?
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“So Many People Died”
The American System of Suffering, 1965-2014
By Nick Turse
Pham To looked great for 78 years old. (At least, that’s about how
old he thought he was.) His hair was thin, gray, and receding at the
temples, but his eyes were lively and his physique robust -- all the
more remarkable given what he had lived through. I listened intently,
as I had so many times before to so many similar stories, but it was
still beyond my ability to comprehend. It’s probably beyond yours, too.
Pham To told me that the planes began their bombing runs in 1965 and
that periodic artillery shelling started about the same time. Nobody
will ever know just how many civilians were killed in the years after
that. “The number is uncountable,” he said one spring day a few years
ago in a village in the mountains of rural central Vietnam. “So many
people died.”
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